Effective Models in Nursing Care
An observation assignment, not a literature review. The model has to be identified from what you actually watched, and the evidence for your identification is the behaviour you describe.
Editorial process
Last reviewed · August 22, 2026
The evidence for your answer is what you watched
This is an observation assignment and the instruction is unusually explicit about it, asking who was doing what, when, how, and what led you to identify the model. That last clause is the assignment: your identification is a claim and the observed behaviour is the evidence. So write the observation before you write the label, and resist naming the model in your notes until the description is complete, because once a label is written the remaining observations tend to be recorded to fit it. Record the assignment method at the start of the shift, how many patients each nurse carried, what was delegated to assistive personnel and what was not, who answered the call light, who spoke to the family, who was accountable for the plan across the whole stay, and how handover worked. Those six observations are enough to identify any of the standard models, and a paper that records them well has already done the hard part.
Then name the model against the textbook's own categories, since the brief points at specific pages. Total patient care, functional nursing, team nursing, primary nursing and case management are the usual set, and the discriminators are worth stating: functional nursing divides tasks across staff, team nursing divides patients across a team led by a registered nurse, primary nursing assigns one nurse accountability for a patient across the admission, and case management coordinates across settings and episodes. Expect a hybrid, because most real units run one, and saying which elements come from which model is a stronger answer than forcing a single label. Then evaluate rather than describe: what did the observed model do well for continuity, communication, delegation and workload, and where did it strain. Link that to the evidence on care delivery models and outcomes so the evaluation rests on something beyond the shift you happened to watch.
Likely learning objectives
- Record observations specific enough to support an identification.
- Distinguish care delivery models by their assignment and accountability structure.
- Recognise a hybrid model rather than forcing a single label.
- Evaluate the observed model against published outcomes.
Assignment instructions
Read the full question
Review every instruction before using the planning guidance that follows.
PLEASE FOLLOW EXACT DIRECTIONS TEXTBOOK READING ATTACHED. PLEASE READ & CHOOSE NURSING CARE MODEL FROM PROVIDED READING. This assignment is worth 200 points. Effective Models in Nursing Care Directions 1.Read your text, Finkelman (2016), pp- 111-116. 2.Observe staff in delivery of nursing care provided. Practice settings may vary depending on availability. 3.Identify the model of nursing care that you observed. Be specific about what you observed, who was doing what, when, how and what led you to identify the particular model. 4.Write a 5-7 page paper. 5.You are required to complete the assignment using the productivity tools required by Chamberlain University, which is Microsoft Office Word 2013 (or later version), or Windows and Office 2011 (or later version) for MAC. You must save the file in the “.docx” format. Do NOT save as Word Pad. A later version of the productivity tool includes Office 365, which is available to Chamberlain students for FREE by downloading from the student portal at http://my.chamberlain.edu (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.. Click on the envelope at the top of the page. 6.Review and summarize two scholarly resources (not including your text) related to the nursing care model you observed in the practice setting. 7.Review and summarize two scholarly resources (not including your text) related to a nursing care model that is different from the one you observed in the practice setting. 8.Discuss your observations about how the current nursing care model is being implemented. Be specific. 9.Recommend a different nursing care model that could be implemented to improve quality of nursing care, safety and staff satisfaction. Be specific. 10.Provide a summary/conclusion about this experience/assignment and what you learned about nursing care models. 11.Write your paper using APA format using Microsoft Office 2010 or later. 12.Submit your paper no later than 11:59 p.m. MT on Sunday by the end of Week 5.
Turn the brief into deliverables
- 01A detailed observation with roles, timing and delegation described.
- 02An identification of the model, with the observed evidence for it.
- 03The discriminating features that ruled out the alternatives.
- 04An acknowledgement of hybrid elements where present.
- 05An evaluation of strengths and strains with evidence.
- 06A 5 to 7 page paper in the required format.
The observation, the identification, then the evaluation
What you observed
Report assignment method, staffing, delegation and communication as seen.
What the assessor is likely looking for
Detail specific enough that the model could be inferred without your label.
The model, identified
Name the model and tie each defining feature to something you watched.
What the assessor is likely looking for
A feature of the model matched to an observed behaviour.
Why not the others
Rule out the neighbouring models using their discriminating features.
What the assessor is likely looking for
Functional and team nursing distinguished by what each divides.
Where it was a hybrid
Identify elements borrowed from another model and why they were there.
What the assessor is likely looking for
A borrowed element explained by a staffing or acuity constraint.
Strengths, strains and evidence
Evaluate continuity, communication and workload against published outcomes.
What the assessor is likely looking for
An evaluation claim supported by a study rather than by the shift observed.
Where care delivery models and their outcomes are documented
Recommended databases
- PubMed Central
- NCBI Bookshelf
- CINAHL
- Chamberlain Library
Search sequence
- 1.Read the assigned textbook pages and list the models' discriminating features first.
- 2.Search for evidence linking care delivery models to outcomes.
- 3.Look for literature on hybrid models in current staffing conditions.
- 4.Check what the staffing literature says about the model you observed.
Reference shortlist
These are authoritative starting points, not a ready-made bibliography. A qualified reviewer must confirm that each source fits the assignment and supports the claim beside which it is cited.
Strategies to Evaluate New Models of Nursing Care to Meet Hospital Staffing and Patient Care Needs
Nurse Leader, via PubMed Central · 2024
Evaluating new models of nursing care against staffing and patient need.
Nurse staffing models that rely on employment of temporary nurses: A realist review
International Journal of Nursing Studies · 2026
Staffing models relying on temporary nurses, for how staffing shapes the delivery model.
COLLABORATION WITHIN THE INTERPROFESSIONAL TEAM
Nursing Management and Professional Concepts, NCBI Bookshelf · 2022
Collaboration within the interprofessional team, for delegation and communication structure.
Staffing and mortality, for the outcome evidence behind a model evaluation.
Nurse staffing, burnout, and health care-associated infection
American Journal of Infection Control, 40(6), 486-490 · 2012
Staffing, burnout and infection, for the workload strain half of the evaluation.
Before you submit this paper
Common mistakes
- Describing the models from the textbook and never reporting an observation.
- Naming a model without saying what observed behaviour indicated it.
- Forcing a single label onto a unit that clearly runs a hybrid.
- Confusing team nursing with functional nursing, which divide different things.
- Evaluating with impressions rather than against published outcomes.
Submission checklist
- Could a reader identify the model from your observation alone?
- Have you said what ruled out the other models?
- Are hybrid elements acknowledged if present?
- Is the evaluation supported by literature rather than impression?
- Is the paper within the required length and format?
Use this guide to plan and review your own work. Follow your institution's rules and read Brinevia's academic-integrity policy.
Written by
Maren Caldwell
MSN, RN, CNE
Medical-surgical nursing, pharmacology and NCLEX preparation
Maren is a registered nurse with over 15 years of clinical and educational experience in medical-surgical nursing. She writes on NCLEX preparation, patient care fundamentals, pharmacology and evidence-based practice.

Reviewed by
Dr. Tessa Redmond
DNP, RN, CNE
Evidence-based practice and clinical education
Tessa is a doctorally-prepared nurse educator. She reviews Brinevia content for clinical accuracy and alignment with current evidence-based guidelines.