HCA 807 Topic 5 Potential Theoretical Foundations
The brief asks for two theories and then, one sentence later, refers to three. That contradiction is real, it is in the prompt, and how you handle it is part of the assignment.
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Last reviewed · August 25, 2026
Two theories or three, and what a theoretical foundation actually does
Read the directions twice before you start, because they do not agree with themselves: the paper asks you to identify two theories, and the very next line asks for four elements "for each of the three theories you select". That is a defect in the brief rather than a trick, and the safe response is to email your instructor and, failing a reply, to write three and say in your introduction that you have covered three to satisfy both readings. Three costs you a few hundred words; two, if the marker is reading against the second sentence, costs a third of the rubric. Word count supports three comfortably at 1,250 to 1,500 words, which is roughly four hundred words each once the introduction and conclusion are accounted for. Say what you did and why, once, and the ambiguity stops being your problem and becomes a documented decision.
On the substance, a theoretical foundation is not decoration and the fourth sub-part is where that shows. A theory earns its place by telling you which variables matter, how they are supposed to relate, and therefore what your study should measure and what would count as disconfirmation. So the description of primary components should name constructs and propositions rather than paraphrasing a diagram, and the applications section should cite studies that operationalised the theory rather than ones that merely mention it. The limitations part is the discriminator, because every theory has a boundary condition: it was developed in a different sector, it assumes rational actors, it explains adoption but not sustainment. Naming that boundary honestly, and then saying which of your research questions it would fail to illuminate, is what a doctoral reader is looking for. A theory chosen because it is popular in your field, rather than because its propositions match the relationships you test, will quietly misdirect the study design.
Likely learning objectives
- Handle a contradictory instruction by documenting the decision rather than guessing silently.
- Describe a theory by its constructs and propositions rather than its diagram.
- Distinguish studies that operationalise a theory from those that cite it.
- State a theory's boundary condition and which research question it would fail.
Assignment instructions
Read the full question
Review every instruction before using the planning guidance that follows.
Every dissertation has a theoretical foundation that governs the research being conducted. With many options available, it is imperative to begin exploring potential theoretical foundations for your dissertation study. Therefore, in this assignment you will identify theories could potentially serve as the theoretical foundation for your dissertation study. General Requirements: Use the following information to ensure successful completion of the assignment: This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion. Doctoral learners are required to use APA style for their writing assignments. The APA Style Guide is located in the Student Success Center. Refer to Chapters 2-4 of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.) for specific guidelines related to doctoral level writing. These chapters contain essential information on manuscript structure and content, clear and concise writing, and academic grammar and usage. This assignment requires that at least two additional scholarly research sources related to this topic, and at least one in-text citation from each source be included. HCA 807 Topic 5 Potential Theoretical Foundations You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. Refer to the LopesWrite Technical Support articles for assistance. Directions: Write a paper (1,250-1,500 words) in which you identify two theories that could potentially serve as the theoretical foundation for your dissertation study. Include the following in your paper for each of the three theories you select: A description of the primary components of the theory. A research-supported discussion of common applications of the theory. A discussion of why the theory might be viable for your proposed dissertation study. A discussion of the limitations of applying the theory as a foundation for your proposed dissertation study.
Course-wide instructions that accompany this question
ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CLASS Discussion Questions (DQ) Initial responses to the DQ should address all components of the questions asked, include a minimum of one scholarly source, and be at least 250 words. Successful responses are substantive (i.e., add something new to the discussion, engage others in the discussion, well-developed idea) and include at least one scholarly source. One or two sentence responses, simple statements of agreement or “good post,” and responses that are off-topic will not count as substantive. Substantive responses should be at least 150 words. I encourage you to incorporate the readings from the week (as applicable) into your responses. Weekly Participation Your initial responses to the mandatory DQ do not count toward participation and are graded separately. In addition to the DQ responses, you must post at least one reply to peers (or me) on three separate days, for a total of three replies. Participation posts do not require a scholarly source/citation (unless you cite someone else’s work). Part of your weekly participation includes viewing the weekly announcement and attesting to watching it in the comments. These announcements are made to ensure you understand everything that is due during the week. APA Format and Writing Quality Familiarize yourself with APA format and practice using it correctly. It is used for most writing assignments for your degree. Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for APA paper templates, citation examples, tips, etc. Points will be deducted for poor use of APA format or absence of APA format (if required). Cite all sources of information! When in doubt, cite the source. Paraphrasing also requires a citation. I highly recommend using the APA Publication Manual, 6th edition. Use of Direct Quotes I discourage overutilization of direct quotes in DQs and assignments at the Masters’ level and deduct points accordingly. As Masters’ level students, it is important that you be able to critically analyze and interpret information from journal articles and other resources. Simply restating someone else’s words does not demonstrate an understanding of the content or critical analysis of the content. It is best to paraphrase content and cite your source. LopesWrite Policy For assignments that need to be submitted to LopesWrite, please be sure you have received your report and Similarity Index (SI) percentage BEFORE you do a “final submit” to me. Once you have received your report, please review it. This report will show you grammatical, punctuation, and spelling errors that can easily be fixed. Take the extra few minutes to review instead of getting counted off for these mistakes. Review your similarities. Did you forget to cite something? Did you not paraphrase well enough? Is your paper made up of someone else’s thoughts more than your own? Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for tips on improving your paper and SI score. Late Policy The university’s policy on late assignments is 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies. Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances. If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect. I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension. As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading. Communication Communication is so very important. There are multiple ways to communicate with me: Questions to Instructor Forum: This is a great place to ask course content or assignment questions. If you have a question, there is a good chance one of your peers does as well. This is a public forum for the class. Individual Forum: This is a private forum to ask me questions or send me messages. This will be checked at least once every 24 hours.
What HCA 807 Topic 5 requires
- 01A paper of 1,250-1,500 words in APA style.
- 02Identification of theories that could serve as the theoretical foundation for the dissertation study.
- 03A description of the primary components of each theory.
- 04A research-supported discussion of common applications of each theory.
- 05A discussion of why each theory might be viable for the proposed study.
- 06A discussion of the limitations of applying each theory as a foundation.
- 07At least two additional scholarly sources with at least one in-text citation from each, submitted to LopesWrite.
Four questions, asked twice
Introduction and the count decision
State the study focus and record how you resolved the two-versus-three instruction.
What the assessor is likely looking for
A documented decision rather than a silent choice.
Theory one: primary components
Set out the constructs, propositions and assumed relationships.
What the assessor is likely looking for
Constructs named, not a diagram described.
Theory one: applications, viability and limitations
Cite studies that operationalised it, argue fit, then name the boundary condition.
What the assessor is likely looking for
A limitation tied to a specific research question.
Theory two: the same four elements
Repeat the structure so the two theories can be compared on the same terms.
What the assessor is likely looking for
Parallel treatment that supports comparison.
Theory three, if you are covering three
Apply the same four elements to the third candidate.
What the assessor is likely looking for
No drop in depth by the third theory.
Comparison and provisional selection
Say which foundation you lean toward and what would change your mind.
What the assessor is likely looking for
A defensible preference with a stated condition.
Where to find how a theory has actually been applied
Recommended databases
- PubMed Central
- Implementation Science
- AHRQ
- University library databases
Search sequence
- 1.Search the theory name together with your setting to find applications rather than mentions.
- 2.Read an overview of implementation theories to see how families of theory are distinguished.
- 3.Look for published critiques of the theory, which is where limitations are documented.
- 4.Check whether an instrument exists that operationalises the theory's constructs.
Reference shortlist
These are authoritative starting points, not a ready-made bibliography. A qualified reviewer must confirm that each source fits the assignment and supports the claim beside which it is cited.
Making sense of implementation theories, models and frameworks
Implementation Science (BMC), Per Nilsen · 2015
A taxonomy of implementation theories, models and frameworks, for telling the families apart.
PARIHS revisited: from heuristic to integrated framework for the successful implementation of knowledge into practice
Implementation Science (BMC), Gill Harvey and Alison Kitson · 2016
PARIHS revisited, as a worked example of a framework refined against its own limitations.
Quantitative Research Designs, Hierarchy of Evidence and Validity
Nursing Open · 2025
Quantitative designs and validity, for connecting a theory's propositions to a study design.
Human Subjects Research Design
StatPearls, NCBI Bookshelf · 2023
Human subjects research design, for the study-design vocabulary the foundation has to support.
A refined compilation of implementation strategies: results from the Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) project
Implementation Science (via PubMed Central) · 2015
The ERIC compilation of implementation strategies, for how constructs become measurable actions.
Before you submit Topic 5
Common mistakes
- Answering two theories when the second sentence of the brief asks for three.
- Describing a theory's diagram instead of its constructs and propositions.
- Citing studies that mention the theory rather than ones that tested it.
- Writing limitations that are generic to all theory rather than specific to this one.
- Choosing a theory that fits the topic but not the research questions.
Submission checklist
- Have you addressed the two-versus-three contradiction explicitly?
- Does each theory section contain all four required elements?
- Are constructs and propositions named for each theory?
- Do the applications cite studies that operationalised the theory?
- Does each limitation name a boundary condition and a research question it would fail?
- Is the paper inside 1,250-1,500 words with APA formatting?
Use this guide to plan and review your own work. Follow your institution's rules and read Brinevia's academic-integrity policy.
Written by
Maren Caldwell
MSN, RN, CNE
Medical-surgical nursing, pharmacology and NCLEX preparation
Maren is a registered nurse with over 15 years of clinical and educational experience in medical-surgical nursing. She writes on NCLEX preparation, patient care fundamentals, pharmacology and evidence-based practice.

Reviewed by
Dr. Tessa Redmond
DNP, RN, CNE
Evidence-based practice and clinical education
Tessa is a doctorally-prepared nurse educator. She reviews Brinevia content for clinical accuracy and alignment with current evidence-based guidelines.