HLT 555 Week 7 Reducing the Risk of Foodborne Illnesses
The brief asks why monitoring matters, and that question contains the answer to the whole assignment: HACCP prevents rather than inspects, and monitoring is how prevention works.
Editorial process
Last reviewed · August 25, 2026
Prevention versus inspection is the distinction to build on
The brief tells you the answer in its own framing: preventing problems from occurring is the paramount goal. Traditional food safety programmes inspect the end product and the premises, which detects a problem after it has happened and only in the sample examined. HACCP identifies the points in a process where a hazard can be controlled, sets a measurable limit at each, and monitors continuously, so a failure is caught while the food is still in the kitchen rather than after it reaches a customer. That is the advantage the third question is asking for, and it explains the answer to the fifth: monitoring is not a paperwork obligation attached to the system, it is the mechanism by which the system works at all. Answering the fifth question well therefore answers the third as well, which is a useful economy in a five-slide deck. The two questions are really one question asked twice.
Get the vocabulary exact, because these terms are frequently blurred and a presentation that blurs them cannot answer the deviation question. A critical control point is a step at which control can be applied to prevent, eliminate or reduce a hazard to an acceptable level; a critical limit is the measurable boundary separating safe from unsafe at that point, such as a cooking temperature held for a specified time; and a deviation is a measured breach of that limit, which triggers pre-defined corrective action on both the product and the process. Note that the corrective action has two halves, since holding the affected batch deals with the food and finding why the limit was breached deals with the recurrence. The history section is worth two slides rather than four, and its useful content is that the system came from a context where end-product testing was not an acceptable risk, which is precisely the argument for prevention.
Likely learning objectives
- Contrast prevention with end-product inspection as the system's rationale.
- Define critical control point, critical limit and deviation precisely.
- Explain corrective action as addressing both product and process.
- Connect monitoring to the system's preventive claim.
Assignment instructions
Read the full question
Review every instruction before using the planning guidance that follows.
Details: The Hazard Analysis Critical Control Plan (HACCP) is a system used to reduce the risk of foodborne illnesses in the United States. Preventing problems from occurring is the paramount goal underlying any HACCP system. The principles employed in the development of HACCP plans meet the goal of preventing foodborne illnesses. In a PowerPoint presentation of 5-10 slides, describe the history and application of the HACCP system, addressing the following: Provide a brief history of HACCP. Describe the steps involved in the development and implementation of a HACCP plan. What are the advantages of using HACCP rather than traditional food safety programs in retail food establishments? Describe critical control points and critical limits as they are used in HACCP programs and what happens when there is a deviation. Why is monitoring an important step in the HACCP system? You are required to use a minimum of three additional references in preparing your presentation. APA format is not required, but solid academic writing is expected. HLT 555 Week 7 Reducing the Risk of Foodborne Illnesses This assignment uses a grading rubric. Instructors will be using the rubric to grade the assignment; therefore, students should review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the assignment criteria and expectations for successful completion of the assignment. You are not required to submit this assignment to Turnitin, unless otherwise directed by your instructor. If so directed, refer to the directions in the Student Success Center. Only Word documents can be submitted to Turnitin.
Course-wide instructions that accompany this question
ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE CLASS Discussion Questions (DQ) Initial responses to the DQ should address all components of the questions asked, include a minimum of one scholarly source, and be at least 250 words. Successful responses are substantive (i.e., add something new to the discussion, engage others in the discussion, well-developed idea) and include at least one scholarly source. One or two sentence responses, simple statements of agreement or “good post,” and responses that are off-topic will not count as substantive. Substantive responses should be at least 150 words. I encourage you to incorporate the readings from the week (as applicable) into your responses. Weekly Participation Your initial responses to the mandatory DQ do not count toward participation and are graded separately. In addition to the DQ responses, you must post at least one reply to peers (or me) on three separate days, for a total of three replies. Participation posts do not require a scholarly source/citation (unless you cite someone else’s work). Part of your weekly participation includes viewing the weekly announcement and attesting to watching it in the comments. These announcements are made to ensure you understand everything that is due during the week. APA Format and Writing Quality Familiarize yourself with APA format and practice using it correctly. It is used for most writing assignments for your degree. Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for APA paper templates, citation examples, tips, etc. Points will be deducted for poor use of APA format or absence of APA format (if required). Cite all sources of information! When in doubt, cite the source. Paraphrasing also requires a citation. I highly recommend using the APA Publication Manual, 6th edition. Use of Direct Quotes I discourage overutilization of direct quotes in DQs and assignments at the Masters’ level and deduct points accordingly. As Masters’ level students, it is important that you be able to critically analyze and interpret information from journal articles and other resources. Simply restating someone else’s words does not demonstrate an understanding of the content or critical analysis of the content. It is best to paraphrase content and cite your source. LopesWrite Policy For assignments that need to be submitted to LopesWrite, please be sure you have received your report and Similarity Index (SI) percentage BEFORE you do a “final submit” to me. Once you have received your report, please review it. This report will show you grammatical, punctuation, and spelling errors that can easily be fixed. Take the extra few minutes to review instead of getting counted off for these mistakes. Review your similarities. Did you forget to cite something? Did you not paraphrase well enough? Is your paper made up of someone else’s thoughts more than your own? Visit the Writing Center in the Student Success Center, under the Resources tab in LoudCloud for tips on improving your paper and SI score. Late Policy The university’s policy on late assignments is 10% penalty PER DAY LATE. This also applies to late DQ replies. Please communicate with me if you anticipate having to submit an assignment late. I am happy to be flexible, with advance notice. We may be able to work out an extension based on extenuating circumstances. If you do not communicate with me before submitting an assignment late, the GCU late policy will be in effect. I do not accept assignments that are two or more weeks late unless we have worked out an extension. As per policy, no assignments are accepted after the last day of class. Any assignment submitted after midnight on the last day of class will not be accepted for grading. Communication Communication is so very important. There are multiple ways to communicate with me: Questions to Instructor Forum: This is a great place to ask course content or assignment questions. If you have a question, there is a good chance one of your peers does as well. This is a public forum for the class. Individual Forum: This is a private forum to ask me questions or send me messages. This will be checked at least once every 24 hours.
What the HACCP presentation requires
- 01A PowerPoint presentation of 5-10 slides.
- 02A brief history of HACCP.
- 03The steps involved in the development and implementation of a HACCP plan.
- 04The advantages of using HACCP rather than traditional food safety programmes in retail food establishments.
- 05A description of critical control points and critical limits, and what happens when there is a deviation.
- 06Why monitoring is an important step in the HACCP system.
- 07A minimum of three additional references.
History, principles, control points, monitoring
Origins
Explain the context that demanded prevention over end-product testing.
What the assessor is likely looking for
History used to explain the design.
The principles
Set out the sequence from hazard analysis to verification and records.
What the assessor is likely looking for
Principles as a working sequence.
Building a plan
Describe the development and implementation steps in a real establishment.
What the assessor is likely looking for
Steps that could be followed.
Control points and limits
Define both with a worked retail example.
What the assessor is likely looking for
Definitions kept distinct.
Deviation and corrective action
Explain what happens to the product and to the process.
What the assessor is likely looking for
Both halves of corrective action.
Why monitoring matters
Connect monitoring to the preventive claim and to verification.
What the assessor is likely looking for
Monitoring as mechanism rather than paperwork.
Where the HACCP guidance sits
Recommended databases
- FDA
- FAO
- WHO
- PubMed Central
Search sequence
- 1.Read the FDA HACCP principles and application guidelines for the seven principles.
- 2.Find a retail food establishment application for the worked example.
- 3.Read food safety material for the burden of foodborne illness.
- 4.Look for a published HACCP implementation evaluation for the advantages section.
Reference shortlist
These are authoritative starting points, not a ready-made bibliography. A qualified reviewer must confirm that each source fits the assignment and supports the claim beside which it is cited.
HACCP Principles & Application Guidelines
U.S. Food and Drug Administration · 2022
The FDA principles and application guidelines, for the seven principles and definitions.
Food Safety and Quality
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations · 2024
Food safety, for the international framing and the burden of foodborne illness.
Global Health Observatory
World Health Organization · 2025
The Global Health Observatory, for foodborne disease burden data.
Quality Improvement Methods (LEAN, PDSA, SIX SIGMA)
StatPearls, NCBI Bookshelf · 2024
Quality improvement methods, for the process-control logic HACCP shares.
High Reliability
AHRQ PSNet · 2025
High reliability, for prevention designed into a process rather than inspected in.
Before you submit
Common mistakes
- Using critical control point and critical limit interchangeably.
- Describing monitoring as record keeping.
- Spending most of the deck on history.
- Giving corrective action for the product but not for the process.
- Listing the seven principles without connecting them to prevention.
Submission checklist
- Are the three key terms defined distinctly?
- Is the prevention-versus-inspection contrast made explicitly?
- Does corrective action address both product and process?
- Is monitoring explained as the system's mechanism?
- Are three additional references used?
Use this guide to plan and review your own work. Follow your institution's rules and read Brinevia's academic-integrity policy.
Written by
Maren Caldwell
MSN, RN, CNE
Medical-surgical nursing, pharmacology and NCLEX preparation
Maren is a registered nurse with over 15 years of clinical and educational experience in medical-surgical nursing. She writes on NCLEX preparation, patient care fundamentals, pharmacology and evidence-based practice.

Reviewed by
Dr. Tessa Redmond
DNP, RN, CNE
Evidence-based practice and clinical education
Tessa is a doctorally-prepared nurse educator. She reviews Brinevia content for clinical accuracy and alignment with current evidence-based guidelines.